В каких продуктах содержатся углеводы?

Почему один вид углеводов поможет в наборе мышечной массы, а другой будет способствовать жировым отложениям

В каких продуктах содержатся углеводы?

Наверняка ты неоднократно слышал немало разнообразной информации об углеводах. Они являются неотъемлемой частью рациона питания каждого из нас. Углеводы — это важнейший источник энергии для человеческого организма. 

Но почему один вид углеводов поможет в наборе мышечной массы, а другой будет способствовать жировым отложениям? Давай разбираться!

Что представляют собой углеводы

Углеводы представляют собой органические элементы, состоящие из сложных и простых сахаров. Они содержаться в продуктах питания и являются одним из ключевых источников энергии. 

Различают два типа углеводов: простые (быстрые) и сложные (медленные). Основная разница между ними в молекулярной структуре и скорости усвоения организмом.

Простые углеводы включают в себя фруктозу и глюкозу (моносахариды и дисахариды). Поэтому продукты, содержащие такие углеводы, имеют сладкий вкус. Для оценки содержания углеводов в продуктах питания используют гликемический индекс (ГИ). Этот показатель определяет влияние продуктов на уровень сахара в крови. Так, пища с высоким ГИ не приносит большой пользы для организма, её стоит употреблять как можно реже. Потому что регулярное повышение уровня глюкозы в крови вызывает всплески инсулина. Это может повлиять на самостоятельную выработку данного гормона организмом, что влечет за собой появление сахарного диабета I типа.

Сложные углеводы – это полисахариды. И, несмотря на то, что главная их задача — это снабжение организма энергией, они имеют немного другой принцип действия. В их основе – пектины, клетчатка и крахмал. Они стимулируют процесс пищеварения, утоляют голод и насыщают организм на продолжительный период времени. Кроме того, на их переваривание требуется больше времени и энергии, поэтому сахар в крови повышается равномерно.

Польза углеводов для организма

Углеводы выполняют жизненно важные функции:

— восполняют энергетические запасы организма;

— способствуют продуктивной работе мозга;

— улучшают пищеварение;

— cнижают риск образования тромбов.

В каких продуктах содержатся углеводы?

Способствуют ли простые углеводы набору массы?

Углеводы, которые легко усваиваются, способствуют выработке инсулина, тормозящего процессы расщепления жиров. Если физическая активность незначительная, в организме откладываются жиры. Но если употреблять простые углеводы и заниматься спортом, будет образовываться мышечная масса за счет повышения уровня гликогена в мышечных тканях. Поэтому, будут ли расти мышцы или живот – зависит от тебя. 

Соотношение углеводов к набору мышечной массы

В процессе тренировок необходимо следить за своим рационом и, как советуют спортивные диетологи, сложные углеводы стоит употреблять до физических нагрузок, а простые углеводы оставить на потом.

Тем, кто задался целью похудеть, не стоит превышать норму в 50-60 г продуктов, в которых содержаться углеводы. Чтобы держать вес на одном уровне позволено 200 г в день. Превышение этой нормы будет способствовать набору веса.

Основные продукты, содержащие простые углеводы

Если продукт содержит сахар и/или муку – его можно отнести к быстрым углеводам.
 
Источниками быстрых углеводов являются сладкие фрукты и ягоды, сухофрукты (изюм, инжир, финики, ананас), сахар, мед, торты, пирожные, печенье, конфеты, халва, сгущенка, варенье и сиропы, сладкие напитки (особенно газированные), шоколадные изделия, манная крупа, макароны из пшеницы 1-го сорта, белый хлеб.

В каких продуктах содержатся углеводы?

     Продукт питания

 Гликемический индекс

 Углеводы в 100 г продукта

     Рисовая мука

     95

     77,5

     Белый рис

     70

     26

     Коричневый сахар

     70

     95

     Рисовый пудинг

     85

     43

     Жареный картофель

     95

     24

     Запеченный картофель

     95

     17

     Пшеничная мука

     85

     67

     Корень сельдерея

     85

     10

     Тыква

     75

      6

     Арбуз

     75

      9

     Финики

     70

      68

     Шоколадный батончик

     70

      48

     Пиво

     110

      6

     Чипсы

     70

      55

     Лапша

     70

      56

Основные продукты, содержащие сложные углеводы

Такие углеводы содержаться преимущественно в следующих продуктах: гречка, бурый рис, овсянка, морковь, картофель, бобовые (чечевица, горох, нут, фасоль), тыква, кукуруза, свекла, цельнозерновой хлеб, макароны из пшеницы грубого помола.

В каких продуктах содержатся углеводы?

 Продукт питания

 Гликемический индекс

 Углеводы в 100 г продукта

     Апельсин

     35

       9

     Инжир

     35

       40

     Вишня

     26

       11

     Слива

     24

       10

     Грейпфрут

     22

        8

     Гранат

     35

       13

     Яблоко

     30

        9

     Персик

     35

       14

     Айва

     35

        8

     Абрикос

     20

       10

     Овсяные хлопья

     40

       65

Дефицит углеводов в организме

Конечно, остаться без углеводов практически невозможно, так как они есть во многих продуктах питания. Но если изнурять себя диетами, их нехватка может проявиться в виде следующих симптомов:

— слабость (особенно выражено она проявляется во время и после умственных нагрузок);

— раздражительность;

— невозможность сосредоточиться и работать продуктивно;

— тошнота;

— головокружение;

— головные боли;

— мышечная слабость;

— ухудшение пищеварительного процесса.

Особую опасность представляет собой недостаточное поступление углеводов в головной мозг, которому они нужны для полноценного функционирования. Если мозг будет недополучать углеводы систематически, могут появиться проблемы с памятью. 

Избыток углеводов в организме

Чрезмерное употребление пищи, богатой на углеводы, не пройдет бесследно для организма. Оно отразится в виде следующих проявлений:

— появление жировых отложений и ухудшение физической формы;

— риск ожирения;

— повышение сахара в крови;

— риск развития сахарного диабета.

Как видишь, углеводы могут превратить тебя в пухленького медвежонка или же помогут тебе выглядеть, как с обложки журнала про бодибилдеров. Все зависит от того, в какое русло ты их направишь, и если в правильное — они будут работать в твою пользу.

ЕЩЕ ПО ТЕМЕ

В каких продуктах содержатся углеводы?

Что необходимо знать об углеводах?

Что необходимо знать об углеводах?

Не все люди знают, какие бывают углеводы и что не все они одинаковы. Для поддержания здоровья очень важно знать различия между вредными и полезными углеводами

В каких продуктах содержатся углеводы?

Какие продукты входят в рацион самых здоровых людей на Земле?

Какие продукты входят в рацион самых здоровых людей на Земле?

Этими людьми являются жители боливийского племени Цимане. Причина отличного самочувствия кроется в особенностях рациона питания представителей этого племени

В каких продуктах содержатся углеводы?

Названы самые дорогие в производстве продукты питания

Названы самые дорогие в производстве продукты питания

На земле существует огромное количество разнообразных продуктов питания. Чтобы их произвести необходимо затратить природные ресурсы, включая воду электроэнергию и различные корма. Эксперты определили самые дорогие продукты питания.

Источник: menslife.com

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