сполна важность , на мир его глазами, большую своей жизни провел лежачем , обнаруживает, что за пределы кроватки. Оказывается темчто вокругнаходясь вертикальном , намного и
Когда ребенок начинает садиться самостоятельно?
Большинство детей пытаются сидеть одни в возрасте семи- восьми месяцев. Иногда это может случиться раньше — уже около 6 месяцев, иногда позже, даже к первому дню рождения. Не стоит беспокоиться об этом и ускорять естественный процесс обучения сидению и ходьбе. Каждый ребенок развивается в индивидуальном темпе, и даже если он начинает садиться после 12 месяцев, нет никаких причин для паники (если это не сопровождается выраженными нарушениями в развитии грудничка).
Важное значение играет вес младенца. Худенький ребенок более подвижен и активен. Его брюшной пресс и мышцы укрепляются быстрее, чем у малыша с большим весом. Упитанному и рыхлому карапузу намного сложнее удержать свой позвоночник вертикально. Поэтому возможно, что сидеть самостоятельно он начнем позже других.
Важно! Если ребенок начинает делать попытки сидеть самостоятельно ранее полугода, то этот процесс нужно ограничивать во времени. Врачи говорят о том, что до полугодовалого возраста вертикальное положение для грудничка нежелательно. Чтобы не перегружать неокрепшие мышцы и позвоночник в возрасте до шести месяцев малышу можно сидеть не более одного часа в сутки.
Нормы для мальчиков и девочек
Родительские форумы и чаты пестрят высказываниями о том, что мальчиков можно начинать садить раньше, чем девочек. Но педиатры опровергают подовные толки и утверждают, что пол ребенка не должен влиять на время первого присаживания. Необходимо учитывать главное — индивидуальные особенности и психофизическое здоровье малыша.
Присаживание ребенка ранее шести месяцев может сказаться на осанке в будущем и стать стимулом для развития сколиоза. Кроме того, медики утверждают, что раннее высаживание ведет к деформации тазовых костей. Для маленьких девочек такое нарушение в будущем может вести к проблемам с зачатием и родами.
Стоит ли волноваться, если кроха долго не осваивает навык?
Некоторые дети учатся сидеть позже сверстников и это является индивидуальным фактором развития. Кроме того, не следует волноваться:
- если ребенок родился преждевременно, то он может медленнее расти, развиваться и достигать определенных показателей позже своих сверстников;
- если кроха в раннем возрасте перенесла серьезное инфекционное заболевание, то это может привести к физической задержке развития.
Если грудничок родился вовремя и не имеет заболеваний, но все еще не умеет сидеть, стоит обратить внимание на следующие симптомы:
- в возрасте 5 месяцев ребенок не может поднять головку, когда лежит на животике;
- полугодовалый малыш не может переворачиваться;
- в возрасте девяти месяцев кроха не умеет ползать;
- к годовалому возрасту ребенок не ползает и не встает на ноги.
Стоит проконсультироваться с педиатром, если у грудничка проявляются указанные симптомы.
Какие этапы освоения навыка сидения проходит ребенок?
Рассмотрим, как должен развиваться навык по месяцам:
- 3 — 4 месяца. Мышцы крохи еще недостаточно прочны, но они постепенно развиваются, и ребенок начинает уверенно держать голову. Младенец опирается на локти лежа на животе и поднимает верхнюю часть туловища. Такие простые действия укрепляют мышцы, необходимые впоследствии для сидения.
- 5 — 6 месяцев. Мышцы малыша достигают достаточной силы для самостоятельного сидения. Поначалу он способен непродолжительное время быть в сидячем положении. При этом, чтобы сидеть не падая подольше он наклоняется вперед и опирается на руки.
- 7 — 9 месяцев. Обычно к семимесячному возрасту ребенок способен сидеть прямо и без помощи рук. Мышцы шеи и спины уже достаточно окрепшие. Можно сажать малыша в высокий стул для кормления. Ребенок продолжает развиваться и к 9-ти месяцам может без посторонней помощи сесть из лежачего положения. Он способен менять положение тела, наклоняться сидя, чтобы дотянуться до того или иного предмета.
- К своему первому дню рожденияу ребенок уже может хорошо сидеть. Он не нуждается в поддержке, когда хочет сесть, а его мышцы уже достаточно крепкие, чтобы встать на ноги.
Можно ли заставлять ребенка садиться?
Когда грудничок делает попытки садится, важно, чтобы его мышцы шеи, позвоночника и живота были достаточно укрепленные. Даже если родители считают, что их малыш уже готов к присаживанию, необходимо помнить, что не стоит заставлять ребенка занимать позицию сидя.
Попытки вытащить кроху руками из положения на спине, чтобы она сидела, являются частью медицинского осмотра, но не должны быть руководством к действию для родителей. Безопаснее ограничить посадку, пока ребенок не приобретет этот навык самостоятельно. Также, не стоит сажать в подушки совсем не умеющего сидеть малыша.
Важно! Устанавливайте спинку коляски в наклонное положение, пока грудничок не начнет садится сам — принудительное сидение не полезно для ребенка.
Правильное положение малыша во время сидения
Пяти-шести месячного ребенка можно высаживать в коляску или стульчик с углом наклона спинки 30 градусов. Важно помнить, что поверхность, на которую будет опираться кроха не должна быть вертикальной, только наклонной!
Если грудничок не пытается садиться самостоятельно, то родителям ни в коем случае нельзя:
- переносить ребенка в рюкзачках типа «Кенгуру» сидя (или май-слинги);
- сажать ребенка, обложив его подушками;
- катать в коляске в сидя вертикально;
- присаживать малыша к себе на колени.
Детки садятся самостоятельно, когда чувствуют свою полную физическую готовность к сидению и абсолютную необходимость новой позы для своего дальнейшего развития. На первых порах необходимо обеспечить усиливающимся мышцам малыша поддержку, почаще сажая чадо себе на колени и прижимая к своему животу спинкой .
Упражнения от Комаровского, способствующие развитию навыка
умении и лавная задача родителейкатегорически
Когда малыш садится, он открывает для себя гораздо больше возможностей: можно смотреть в окно, наблюдать за мамой или дотягиваться до игрушек. Освоение самостоятельного навыка присаживания зависит от индивидуальных особенностей. Помните, каждый ребенок — единственный, уникальный и неповторимый.
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